Immunomodulatory potential of Lactobacillus helveticus KLDS 1.8701 postbiotics: By regulating the Th17/Treg balance

Maintaining homeostasis of the immune system is critical to human health. Postbiotics are inactive probiotics and their metabolites. Despite their numerous health benefits, the immunomodulatory potential of postbiotics has received less attention. The aim of this study was to explore the immunomodulatory influences of Lactobacillus helveticus postbiotics on cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunocompromised mice and the underlying mechanism. The results showed a notable decrease in the immune function of the mice within the immunocompromised model. After treatment with Lactobacillus helveticus KLDS 1.8701 postbiotics, the immunity of mice was restored, as evidenced by an increase in organ index, proliferative capacity of splenic lymphocytes, NK cell activity, and serum immunoglobulin. It also promoted intestinal SIgA secretion and alleviated the degree of CTX-induced damage to the intestinal mucosal barrier. Meanwhile, Lactobacillus helveticus KLDS 1.8701 postbiotics demonstrated the ability to balance T helper cells 17 (Th17) and Regulatory T cells (Treg), exerting regulatory control over the serum levels of IL-17 and TGF-β, and thereby influencing the immune response. Therefore, Lactobacillus helveticus KLDS 1.8701 may be used as a potential functional food additive to prevent and treat CTX-induced immunocompromise.

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