Evaluation the in vivo behaviors of PM2.5 in rats using noninvasive PET imaging with mimic particles

Inhaled PM 2.5 particles is harmful to human health. However, real-time tracking of PM 2.5 particles and dynamic evaluation of the pharmacokinetic behaviors in vivo are still challenging. Here, PET imaging is utilized to noninvasively monitor the in vivo behavior of PM 2.5 particles in rats. To mimic aerosol PM 2.5 particles suspended in ambient air, 89 Zr-labeled melanin nanoparticles ( 89 Zr-MNP) are nebulized into microscopic liquid particles with a mean size of 2.5?μm. Then, the 89 Zr-labeled PM 2.5 mimic particles ( 89 Zr-PM 2.5 ) are administrated into rats via inhalation. PET imaging showed that 89 Zr-PM 2.5 mainly accumulated in the lungs for up to 384?h after administration. Besides, we also observe that a small amount of 89 Zr-PM 2.5 can penetrate the brain through the inhalation. Further PET imaging showed that enhanced uptakes of 18 F-FDG and 18 F-DPA-714 were found in the brain of rats upon PM 2.5 mimic particle exposure, which revealed that pulmonary exposure to PM 2.5 could cause potential damages to the brain. Note that abnormal glucose metabolism was reversed, but the neuroinflammation was permanent and could not be alleviated after ceasing PM 2.5 exposure. Our results demonstrate that PET is a sensitive and feasible tool for evaluating the in vivo behaviors of PM 2.5.

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